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Ouest 201 to 252

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The Ouest nos. 201 to 252, were 0-4-2 type steam locomotives, designed originally by William Buddicom, initially to ensure mixed traffic services for the Compagnie des chemins de fer de Paris à Caen et à Cherbourg (PCC); but delivered to the Ouest Railway, the successor of the PCC, in 1855.

Description[]

Mechanical Description[]

The 201s are two-cylinders, simple expansion locomotives. The inside chssais suspensions was made thanks to a big invert spring positionned between the driving axles, a coil spring was fitted on top of the axle box of the rear pony truck.These locomotives have two driving axles with wheels of a diameter of 1.70m (5.57ft). They were fitted with a boiler composed of three ferrules, and a smoke box in Its extension; in this last one is installed a double valve exhaust, and on top of It is a long chimney with a cap on top. A cradle-shaped fire box, with an heating surface of 1.17m² (12.5ft²) was placed between the second driving axle and the rear pony truck, and is surmounted by a dome collar-shaped; this dome contains the safety valve and the regulator with internal intake ducts. The locomotives have horinzontal outside cylinders, with a Stephenson valve gear.

Between 1863 and 1867, the Ouest Railway would extend the class by building an extra 10 more engines. These last ones were slightly different from the the 40 first locomotives, as the regulator was placed in a box fitted just behind the funnel. In 1865, nos. 215 and 216 were modified and received the regulator box; after that they were renumbered from 215 to 251, and 216 to 252; no. 252 would also be renamed from Avranches to Poissy.

From 1877-78, the Ouest Railway decided to proceed to a major rebuild of the class. Their original boiler was replaced by a more powerful, and a bigger grid of 1.56m² (16.3ft²) was installed. A big dome, mustard pot-type is placed on the first ferrule of the boiler, in front of which is a Crampton-type reggulator placed in a box. After 1880, the locomotives received a sandpit dome on the second ferrule of the boiler. Plus of these modifications they received a screw-type reverse gear and Turk-type injectors, as well as air-compressed breaking system. At one point, the Ouest would also converted Its engines in service into tank locomotives.

Liveries[]

We don't what kind of livery the 201s would received during their few months under PCC ownership. However, as mixed-traffic engines they would be painted in the Ouest unlined black livery, with unpainted brass, and red buffer beam. On their buffer beam was the brass name plate, with a red background. The number was indicated on a brass plate, positionned on each side of the boiler, also with a red background. After passing under État ownership, It is most likely that the locomotives would kept their black livery until their withdrawl, the Ouest number plates could have been replaced by État number plates.

Tenders[]

The tenders coupled to the 201s are two-axled tender, that can contain 6.3m3 ( UK Gal; US Gal) of water, and 3 t (660.4 UK t; 792 US t) of coal.

History[]

During the mid-1850's, the Compagnie des chemins de fer de Paris à Caen et à Cherbourg needed mixed-traffic locomotives to run Its main line. As the railway engineers did not have sufficient knowledge to design steam locomotives, the PCC took order of 40 locomotives to Mr. William Buddicom. Buddicom was an english engineer that helped the development of railways in France, and developped many "Crewe-type" locomotives for companies in Normandy. In his workshops at Sotteville-lès-Rouen, he decided to produce a class of 0-4-2s, inspired by the PR class 401 à 425, former 0-6-0 engines, rebuilt in 1850 as 0-4-2s for the Paris to Rouen Railway. The construction of this new class began in 1855, but as soon as the first locomotives were delivered, the PCC merged with other French western Railways to form the Ouest Company on 16th June 1855.

Ouest nos. 201 to 252[]

During their working live on the Ouest Railway, the 201s ensured many types of trains on the Paris to Cherbourg line. From where they were made, between: Mantes and Caen; and Caen and Cherbourg. They also leaved the former PCC territory and pulled trains from Serquigny to Rouen. With time goes on and traffic increasing, the ouest Railway built in its workshops at Sotteville-lès-Rouen (former Buddicom Workshops), 10 new locomotives between 1863 and 1867, built with the regulator placed in a box just behind the funnel. In 1865, nos. 215 "Coutanges" and 216 "Avranches"were modified by receiving the same feature on the regulator, and took new numbers, 251 and 252 respectively.

Time goes on, and the 201s needed to be up to date with the increase of traffic and the increase of trains' weight. Between 1877 and 1878, the Ouest decided to rebuilt many of Its engines by increasing the grid heating surface et receinving other features. Some locomotives were also turned into tank engines.

With time passing, the engines were allocated at different sheds: Caen, Lison, Mortagne, Segré, Honfleur, Châteaubriant, Vire, and many other. They were seeing ahead of mixed trains on Normands lines, such as the Laval to Châteaubriant line, Domfront to Avranches line, and they pulled trains also to the regions of Brittany and Anjou.

But with the arrival of more powerful locomotives, the 201s began to be decomissioned from service, and by the end of 1908, only 33 locomotives were still in the Ouest's rosters.

État 021-055 to 083[]

In 1909, with the incorporation of the Ouest Railway to the État, the 201s changed of owner. The 33 locomotives still in service received the numbers 021-051 to 083. But the État, in desperate need of powerful locomotives, proceeded to the extension of pre-existing Ouest classes; and the 0-4-2s were further pushed to the withdrawl. At the end of 1909 Nos. 021-051, 056, 060, 065 and 083 were put out of comission. They are followed by Nos. 021-059, 066, 073, 078, 080 and 082, in 1910; Nos. 021-058, 063 and 076, in 1911; Nos; 021-052, 072 and 079, in 1912; Nos. 021-069, 063 and 076, in 1914; Nos. 021-058, 063 and 076, in 1915; Nos. 021-054, 055, 057 and 061, in 1916. In 1917, the class was finally withdrawl with the disposal of Nos. 021-067 "Lison" and 021-068 "Martinvast", after a total of nearly 62 years of service in west of France.

Stock List[]

Image Ouest Number

(before rebuild)

Ouest Number

(after rebuild)

État Number Name Builder Build Date Disposal Date
Ouest no. 201 ''Bréval"
 201 T.201 021-051 Bréval Buddicom & Co. 1855 1909
202 T.202 021-052 Pacy-sur-Eure Buddicom & Co. 1855 1912
203 T.203 021-053 La Bonneville Buddicom & Co. 1855 1910
204 --- --- Conches Buddicom & Co. 1855 Before 1908
205 T.205 021-054 Beaumont le

Roger

Buddicom & Co. 1855 1916
206 T.206 021-055 Serquigny Buddicom & Co. 1855 1916
207 T.207 021-056 Bernay Buddicom & Co. 1855 1909
208 --- --- Orbec Buddicom & Co. 1855 Before 1908
209 --- --- Le Mesnil

Mauger

Buddicom & Co. 1855 Before 1908
210 T.210 021-057 Médizon Buddicom & Co. 1855 1916
211 T.211 021-058 Pont-l'Évêque Buddicom & Co. 1855 1915
212 T.212 021-059 Bayeux Buddicom & Co. 1855 1911
213 --- --- Valognes Buddicom & Co. 1855 Before 1908
214 --- --- Vire Buddicom & Co. 1855 Before 1908
Ouest No. 215 ''Coutanges''
 215, then 251 T.251 --- Coutanges Buddicom & Co. 1855 Before 1908
216, then 252 T.252 021-083 Avranches, then

Poissy (in 1865)

Buddicom & Co. 1855 1909
217 --- --- Quillebœuf Buddicom & Co. 1856 Before 1908
218 T.218 021-060 Bourg-Achard Buddicom & Co. 1856 1909
219 T.219 --- Pont-Audemer Buddicom & Co. 1856 Before 1908
220 T.220 021-061 Clères Buddicom & Co. 1856 1916
221 --- --- Godeville Buddicom & Co. 1856 Before 1908
222 --- --- La Hève Buddicom & Co. 1856 Before 1908
223 --- --- Carentan Buddicom & Co. 1856 Before 1908
224 T.224 021-062 Jersey Buddicom & Co. 1856 1910
225 T.225 021-063 Guernesey Buddicom & Co. 1856 1915
226 T.226 021-064 Mortain

(or Morlaix)

Buddicom & Co. 1856 1910
227 T.227 021-065 Isigny Buddicom & Co. 1856 1909
228 T.228 021-066 Granville Buddicom & Co. 1856 1911
229 T.229 021-067 Lison Buddicom & Co. 1856 1917
230 T.230 021-068 Martinvast Buddicom & Co. 1856 1917
231 T.231 021-069 Le Molay Buddicom & Co. 1856 1914
232 T.232 021-070 Pont-Hébert Buddicom & Co. 1856 1910
233 --- --- Montebourg Buddicom & Co. 1856 Before 1908
234 T.234 021-071 Les Ifs Buddicom & Co. 1856 1910
235 T.235 021-072 Grainville Buddicom & Co. 1856 1912
236 T.236 021-073 Falaise Buddicom & Co. 1856 1911
237 T.237 021-074 Evron Buddicom & Co. 1856 1910
238 --- --- Cardiff Buddicom & Co. 1856 Before 1908
239 T.239 021-075 Newport Buddicom & Co. 1856 1910
240 --- --- Newcastle Buddicom & Co. 1856 Before 1908
241 T.241 --- Marigny Sotteville-lès-Rouen

Workshops

1856 Before 1908
242 T.242 021-076 Trévières Sotteville-lès-Rouen

Workshops

1856 1915
243 T.243 021-077 Limay Sotteville-lès-Rouen

Workshops

1856 1914
244 T.244 021-078 Cabourg Sotteville-lès-Rouen

Workshops

1856 1911
245 T.245 021-079 Formerie Sotteville-lès-Rouen

Workshops

1856 1912
246 T.246 021-080 Pont-Authon Sotteville-lès-Rouen

Workshops

1856 1911
247 T.247 021-081 Tessy Sotteville-lès-Rouen

Workshops

1856 1912
248 T.248 --- Balleroy Sotteville-lès-Rouen

Workshopsa

1856 Before 1908
249 T.249 --- Elbœuf Sotteville-lès-Rouen

Workshops

1856 Before 1908
250 T.250 021-082 Pontorson Sotteville-lès-Rouen

Workshops

1856 1911

Trivia[]

  • Despite the fact that no. 229 was named "Lison", after a station in Normandy, the engine isn't the one depicted by Émile Zola in Its novel La Bête Humaine ("The Beast Within" in English), as the locomotive of the novel was a 2-4-0 from either the Ouest class 700 or the class 800.

Sources[]

Books[]

  • VILAIN, Lucien-Maurice, Le Matériel moteur et roulant des chemins de fer de l'ÉTAT du Paris-Saint-Germain (1837) au rachat de l'Ouest (1909) et à la S.N.C.F., Editions Dominique Vencent & Cie, Paris, 1972.

Magazines

  • COMBE, Jean marc, MIRVILLE, Philippe (1980), Les machines Anglaises du Réseau de l’État -1-, Rail Magazine, no. 34, 26-30.

Web Sites

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