JGR Class 190

JGR Class 190
No. 9 (later JGR 190) at an unknown date
Technical specifications
Serial number(s)	436 – 437
Manufacturer(s)	Dübs & Co.
Build date	1872
Total produced	2
Classification	2-4-0T
Dimensions	6,807 mm × Unknown × 3,698 mm
Rail gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Valve gear	Stephenson
Cylinders	2
Boiler pressure	9.8 kg/cm²
Fuel type	Coal
Heating area	55.7 m²
Service information
Years in-service	14 October 1872 – 1927
Running numbers	190 – 191 (originally 8 – 9)
Disposition details
Preserved	None
Number scrapped	2

The JGR Class 190 (originally the JGR Class D) was a 2-4-0T Porter-type side tank steam locomotive operated by the Japanese Government Railways from October 1872 to 1927.

History

The Class 190 was one of the earliest steam locomotives operated in Japan. The type was ordered by the JGR as one of their earliest steam locomotives, with two locomotives built by Dübs & Co.; these were one of ten British-imported steam locomotives operating in Japan around that time. These were assigned the Class D and numbered 8 and 9.

The two locomotives were shipped with a peculiar appearance. They lacked a steam dome and had large side tanks covering the wheels. Both engines were originally coupled directly back to back to each other with a brake van placed between the two of them almost giving the engines an appearance similar to that of a double fairlie locomotive. The brake van was meant as a sort of adapter car for when the engines were working individually.

The locomotives began operation on October 14, 1872 with the opening of Japan's first railway line; October 14 is celebrated as Railway Day in Japan even today to commemorate the line's opening. Due to the lack of brakes, the awkward need to drag a brake van around both to stop and to couple to ordinary cars, and the oversized water tanks that obscured the motion making maintenance difficult, these engines were the bane of any crews that worked on them. By 1873 the JGR decided to rebuild the two engines into separate more conventional tank engines with normal handbrakes and steam brakes.

The locomotives were later reclassified as the Class AI, then Class A5 and were retired from JGR service around 1893 or 1895 and sold to the Bisai Railway. After the Railway Nationalization Act was passed in 1909, the locomotives were renumbered the Class 190. After serving on the Bisai Railway, the locomotives were retired in 1927. No Class 190s have been preserved; this was one of five classes of locomotives to be operational during the opening of the first railway line and the only class where no examples have been preserved.

Gallery

Builder's photo of No. 9 (later JGR 190)

References

Rolling stock and motive power from Meitetsu's predecessor companies
Nagoya Electric Railway	Electric multiple unit	100 • 500 • 1500 • DeBo 650 • DeSeHo 700 • DeBo 750 • DeBo 800 • ToKu 1 • ToKu 2 • ToKu 3
	Diesel multiple unit	KiBo 50
	Electric locomotive	DeKi 50 • DeKi 100
	Non-revenue	DeWa 1 • Mi 2
Meigi Railway	Electric multiple unit	DeBo 300 • DeBoYu 310 • DeBoYu 320 • DeBo 350 • DeBo 400 • DeBo 450 • DeBo 600
	Non-revenue	DeHoWa 1500
Aichi Electric Railway	Electric multiple unit	Den 1 • Den 2 • Den 3 • Den 4 • Den 5 • Den 6 • Den 7 • DeHa 1010 • DeHa 3090 • DeHa 3300
	Electric locomotive	DeKa 350
	Non-revenue	DeKi 360 • DeKi 370 • DeKi 400
Hekikai Electric Railway	Electric multiple unit	De 100 (gen 1) • De 100 (gen 2)
Chita Railway	Electric multiple unit	DeHa 910 • Ku 950
Mino Electric Railway	Electric multiple unit	Wooden streetcars • SeMiShi 64 • SeMiShi 67 • BD500 • BD505 • SeMiBo 510
	Non-revenue	DeWa 600 • Mi 1 • Mi 3
Gihoku Light Rail	Electric multiple unit	Kō • Otsu
Tanigumi Railway	Electric multiple unit	DeRo 1 • DeRo 7
Kakamigahara Railway	Electric multiple unit	K1-BE
Takehana Railway	Electric multiple unit	De 1 (gen 1) • De 1 (gen 2) • De 5
Tomi Railway	Electric multiple unit	De 1 • DeBo 100
	Steam locomotive	B • C
Bisai Railway	Electric multiple unit	DeBo 100 • DeBo 200 • DeBo 250
	Electric locomotive	BL1
	Steam locomotive	Kō • Otsu • Hei • Tei • Bo • Ki
	Non-revenue	1000
Mikawa Railway	Electric multiple unit	KuHa 50 • KuHa 60 • De 100 • De 150 • De 200 • De 300 • De 400 • SaHa 21 • SaHaFu 31 • SaHaFu 35 • SaHaFu 36 • SaHaFu 41 • SaHaFu 45
	Diesel multiple unit	101 • Ki 10 • Ki 50 • Ki 80
	Electric locomotive	Ki 10
	Steam locomotive	1 • 4 • 709 • 120 • 122 • 1104 • 1109 • 1270
	Non-revenue	1
Okazaki Electric Tramway	Electric multiple unit	Wooden streetcars • 100 • 200
	Non-revenue	Mi 4
Seto Electric Railway	Electric multiple unit	Ho 101 • Ho 103 • Te 1
	Diesel multiple unit	A • KiHa 300
	Electric locomotive	DeKi 1
	Non-revenue	TeWa 1
Atsumi Electric Railway	Electric multiple unit	DeHoHa 1 • DeHa 100 • DeHoHa 120 • Fu 200 • DeTeHa 1000
	Electric locomotive	ED1