Great Northern Railway or Great Northern Railroad may refer to:
Australia[]
- Great Northern Railway (Queensland) in Australia
- Great Northern Rail Services in Victoria, Australia
- Central Australia Railway was known as the great Northern Railway in the 1890s in South Australia
- Main North railway line, New South Wales (Australia)
Canada[]
- Great Northern Railway of Canada
Ireland[]
New Zealand[]
- Kingston Branch (New Zealand) in Southland
- Main North Line, New Zealand and Waiau Branch in Canterbury
United Kingdom[]
- Great Northern Railway (Great Britain)
- Thameslink and Great Northern, a current operator of trains on this route
United States[]
- Great Northern Railway (U.S.), now part of the BNSF Railway system
- International – Great Northern Railroad in Texas, U.S., now part of the Union Pacific Railroad
- New Orleans, Jackson and Great Northern in Louisiana and Mississippi, U.S., now part of the Canadian National Railway (freight transport) and Amtrak (passenger service) systems
- Wisconsin Great Northern Railroad, operating in Wisconsin, U.S., since 1997