4-6-0

1920px-WheelArrangement 4-6-0.svg — Schematic of 4-6-0 steam locomotive wheel arrangement. Front of locomotive at left.

A 4-6-0 steam locomotive, under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, has four leading wheels on two axles in a leading bogie and six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles with the absence of trailing wheels.

In the mid-19th century, this wheel arrangement became the second-most-popular configuration for new steam locomotives in the United States, where this type is commonly referred to as a ten-wheeler. As locomotives pulling trains of lightweight all-wood passenger cars from the 1890 to the 1920s, they were exceptionally stable at near 100 mph (160 km/h) speeds on the New York Central's New York-to-Chicago Water Level Route and on the Reading Railroad's line from Camden to Atlantic City, New Jersey.

Overview[]

Tender locomotives[]

Co462 — Denver & Rio Grande Southern No. 20 an example of a 4-6-0 tender locomotive

During the second half of the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth centuries, the 4-6-0 was constructed in large numbers for passenger and mixed traffic service. Speaking of which, they are able to pull at least a dozen passenger cars during passenger service. A natural extension of the 4-4-0 American wheel arrangement, the four-wheel leading bogie gave good stability at speed and allowed a longer boiler to be supported, while the lack of trailing wheels gave a high adhesive weight. In passenger service, they can pull at least a dozen passenger cars like their 4-6-2 counter parts.

The primary limitation of the type was the small size of the firebox, which limited power output. In passenger service, it was eventually superseded by the 4-6-2 Pacific type whose trailing truck allowed it to carry a greatly enlarged firebox. Prussia and Saxonia however went directly to the 2-8-2 Mikado type (pr. P10(39) / sax. XX HV(19) class); Karl Gölsdorf reversed the 2′C1 Pacific type to the 2-6-4 Adriatic type to accommodate an even larger firebox and better curve performance (type 310). For freight service, the addition of a fourth driving axle created the 4-8-0 Mastodon type, which was rare in North America, but became very popular on Cape gauge in Southern Africa.

Tank locomotives[]

Maxresdefaul608 — Leighton Buzzard Light Railway No. 778 an example of a 4-6-0 tank locomotive

The 4-6-0T locomotive version was a far less common type. It was used for passenger duties during the first decade of the twentieth century, but was soon superseded by the 4-6-2T Pacific, 4-6-4T Hudson and 2-6-4T Adriatic types, on which larger fire grates were possible. During the First World War, the type was also used on narrow gauge military railways.

Usage[]

France[]

Tender Engine[]

Compagnie de l'Est[]

Est 3401 to 3500; future SNCF 1-230.A.401 to 500
Est 3501 to 3890; future SNCF 1-230.B.501 to 890
Est 3351 to 3667; ex-Bavarian S 3/5 Class;
Est 3103 to 3280; future SNCF 1-230.J between 108 to 280;
Est 3311 to 3335; ex-Prussia P 8 Class; future SNCF 1-231.F.311 to 335
Est 3301; ex-Saxon XII H V Class;
Est 3305 to 3307; ex-Saxon XII H 1 Class; future SNCF 1-230.E.305 and 306
Est 230-103 to 280; ex-Est 3103 to 3280 ; future SNCF 1-230.K.103 to 280

Chemins de fer d'Alsace-Lorraine[]

AL P 7 Class Nos. 2301 to 2330; future SNCF 1-230.C.301 to 330;
AL P 7 Class Nos. 2331 to 2335; ex-Bavarian P 3/5 N Class;
AL S 9 Class Nos. 901 to 980; future SNCF 1-230.D.901 to 980;
AL S 9 Class Nos. 982 to 986; ex-Bavarian S 3/5 Class;
AL P 8 Class Nos. 2350 to 2374; ex-Prussian P 8 Class; future SNCF 1-230.F.352 to 374;
AL S 10 Class Nos. 1150 to 1162; ex-Prussian S 10 Class; future SNCF 5-230.D.1 to 4;
AL S 10¹ Class Nos. 1101 à 1122; ex-Prussian S 10¹ for some of them; future SNCF 1-230.G.101 to 122;
AL Class S 9 No. 981; ex-Saxon XII H V Class;

Compagnie du Nord[]

Nord 3.078 to 3.354; future SNCF 2-230.A.1 to 277;
Nord n°3.999; ex-Nord 2.741; future SNCF 2-230.B.1;
Nord 3.1600 to 3.1675; ex-Prussian P 8 Class; future SNCF 2-230.C.1 to 75;
Nord 3.513 to 3.662; future SNCF 2-230.D.1 to 149;
Nord 3.690 to 3.699; ex-Prussian S10² Class; future SNCF 2-230.E.1 to 10;

Compagnie de l'Ouest[]

Ouest 2301 to 2304;
Ouest 2501 to 2570;
Ouest 2701 to 2820;

Administration des chemins de fer de l’État[]

État 230-901 to 913; ex-Baden IV e Class;
État 230-914 to 930; ex-Bavarian C V Class; future SNCF 3-230.E.914 to 930;
État 230-101 to 140; ex-Ouest 2501 to 2570; future SNCF 3-230.A.101 to 140;
État 3 701 to 3 755; future SNCF 3-230.B.1 to 55;
État 230-141 to 320; future SNCF 3-230.D.141 to 320;
État 230-501 to 620; ex-Ouest 2701 to 2820; future: SNCF 3-230.C betweeen 501 to 617; 3-230 F 619 and 620; and 3-230-M 590, 605 and 618;
État 230-141 to 170; ex-Ouest 2541 to 2570; future SNCF 3-230.D.141 to 170;
État 230-321 to 370; future SNCF 3-230.D.323, 341 and 365;
État 230-943 to 959; ex-Prussian P 8 Class; future SNCF 3-230.E.943, 944, 950, 951, 953, 955 and 958
État 230-960 to 984; ex-Saxon XII H2 Class; future SNCF 3-230.E.960 to 984;
État 230-621 to 705; future SNCF 3-230.F.621 to 705;
État 230-801 to 898; future SNCF 3-230.G.801 to 898;
État 230-371 to 385; future SNCF 3-230.H.371 to 385;
État 230-781 to 800; future SNCF 3-230.J.781 to 799, and 3-230.L.783, 788, 792, 793, 796 and 800;
État 230-401 to 441; ex-PO 4201 to 4370; future SNCF 3-230.K.401 to 451;

Compagnie du Paris-Orléans[]

PO 1701 to 1725;
PO 1771 to 1800;
PO 4001 to 4084; future SNCF 3-230.N.901 to 909 and 4-230.C.1 to 84;
PO 4201 to 4370; future SNCF 4-230.G between 201 and 370;
PO between 171 S and 257 S, 285 S, and 3201 to 3235; ex-PO 171 to 164 and ex-PO 285 for some of them; future SNCF 3-230.K.891 to 898 and 4-230.F.101 to 135 and 151 to 185;

Compagnie du Midi[]

Midi 1401 to 1431; future SNCF 4-230.A.401 to 431;
Midi 1301 to 1370; future SNCF 4-230.B.601 to 670;
Midi 3501 to 3526; future SNCF 4-230.E.501 to 526;
Midi 3701 to 3720, ex-Prussian P 8 Class; future SNCF 4-230.H.701 to 720;

Compagnie du Paris-Lyon et à la Méditerranée[]

PLM 3420 to 3740; future SNCF 5-230.A.1 to 340;
PLM 2601 to 2760; future SNCF 5-230.B.1 to 160;
PLM 2431 to 2599; future SNCF 5-230.C.1 to 170;
PLM 3261 to 3300; then PLM 230.D.1 to 40;
PLM 230 E 93, ex-PLM 2693; future SNCF 5-230.E.93;
PLM 230 F between 1 and 160; future SNCF 5-230.F between 1 and 160;

Tank Engine[]

Compagnie de l'Est[]

Est B 684 to B 733; future SNCF 1-230.A.684 to 733;

Compagnie du Nord[]

Nord 3.701 à 3.715, ex-Ceinture 51 to 65; future SNCF 2-230.A.1 to 6 and 2-231 A 1;
Nord 3.887, ex-Prussian T 10 Class; future SNCF 2-230.B.1;

Chemins de fer de la Petite Ceinture[]

Ceinture 51 to 65;

Germany[]

Bad.Stb. (Baden)[]

Baden Class IV e;

K.Bay.Sts.B. (Bavaria)[]

Bavarian C V; future DRG 17-301 to 322;
Bavarian S 3/5; future DRG 17-401 to 420 and 501 to 524;
Bavarian P 3/5 N; future DRG 38-001 to 013;

E.L (Alsace-Lorraine)

EL P 5 Class;
EL P 7 Class Nos. 2301 to 2330;
EL S 9 Class Nos. 901 to 980;
EL S 10.1 Class Nos. 1101 to 1117;

K.P.E.V. (Prussia)

Prussian S 10; futue DRG 17-001 to 135;
Prussian S 10.1; future DRG 17-1001 to 1123 and 1145 to 1153;
Prussian S 10.2; future DRG 17-1124 to 1144 and 1154 to 1209;
Prussian P 7;
Prussian P 8; future DRG 38-1001 to 4051;

K.Säschs.Sts.EB. (Saxony)

Saxon XII H; future DRG 17-601 to 606;
Saxon XII H V; future DRG 17-701 to 734 and 751 to 755;
Saxon XII H1; future DRG 17-801 to 804;
Saxon XII H2; future DRG 38-201 to 334, 351 and 354;

K.W.St.E (Württemberg)

Württemberg D; future DRG 38-101 to 108;

Ireland[]

Great Southern Railways:[]

GSR Class 800, nos. 800 to 802;

United Kingdom[]

Caledonian Railway:[]

CR 55 Class, nos. 51 to 59;
CR 49 Class, nos. 49 and 50;
CR 903 Class, nos. 903 to 907; based on the Caledonian 49 Class;
CR 908 Class, nos. 908 to 917;
CR 918 Class, nos. 918 to 922;
CR 179 Class, nos. 179 to 183;
CR 938 Class, nos. 938-943; ex-HR 4P Class;
CR 60 Class, nos. 60 to 65; future BR no. 54650 to 54654;
CR 184 Class, nos. 184 to 189; extension of the CR 179 Class;
CR 956 Class, nos. 956 to 959;
Caledonian 191 Class, nos. 191 to 198;

Glasgow & South Western Railway:[]

G&SWR 381 Class, nos. 381 to 390;
G&SWR 128 Class, nos. 128 and 129, then n°512 to 513;

Great Central Railway:[]

GCR 8 Class, nos. 1067 to 1072 and 180 to 187; future BR no. 61678 to 61682;
GCR 8C Class, nos. 195 and 196;
GCR 8F Class, nos. 1095 to 1104; based on the GCR 8C Class;
GCR 8G Class;
GCR 1 Class, nos. 423, 424 and 426 to 427;
GCR 8N Class, nos. 416 to 418;
GCR 1A Class, nos. 4, 279, 280, and 439 to 446;
GCR 9P Class, nos. 1164 to 1169;
GCR 9Q Class, nos. 31 to 38, 72, 73, 78, 458 to 482; future BR no. 61360 to 61397, then 61702 to 61713;

Great Eastern Railway:[]

GER S69 Class, nos. 1500 to 1570; future BR 4P3F no. 68500 to 68570;

Highland Railway:[]

HR 4F Class, nos. 103 to 117;
HR A Class, nos. 26 to 28, 30, 35, 43, 50, 58, 59, 140 to 149;
HR 4P Class, nos. 3329 to 3332, 3443 to 3446; future BR 4P no. 54764 and 54767;

Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway:[]

L&YR 8 Class, nos. 1501 to 1520;
L&YR 8 Class superheated, nos. 1649 to 1678, ex-L&YR 8 Class for 15 of them; future BR no. 50412, 50423, 50429, 50432, 50442, 50448, and 50455;

London & North Western Railway:[]

LNWR 1400 Class;
LNWR Whale Experiment Class;
LNWR 19in Express Goods Class; future BR nos. 48801, 48824 and 48834;
LNWR Prince of Wales Class; future BR 3P nos. 25648, 25672, 25753 and 25787;
LNWR Claughton Class, no. between 6 and 2511; future BR nos. 46004;

London & South Western Railway:[]

LSWR F13 Class, nos. 330 to 334;
LSWR E14 Class, nos. 335;
LSWR G14 Class, nos. 453 to 457;
LSWR T14 Class, nos. 443 to 447 and 458 to 462; future BR 4P no. 30443, 30444, 30446, 30447, 30461 and 30462;
LSWR H15 Class, nos. 335, 482 to 489, 490 and 491; future BR 4MT then 4P5F no. 30335, 30482 to 30489, 30490 and 30491;
LSWR N15 Class, nos. 736 to 753; future BR 5P 30736 to 30753;
LSWR S15 Class, nos. 496 to 515; future BR 6F no. 30496 to 30515;

North Eastern Railway:[]

NER S Class, nos. between 726 and 775 and 2001 to 2010;
NER S1 Class, nos. 2111 to 2115;
NER S2 Class, nos. 782, 786 to 788, 791, 795 to 799, 813, 815, 817 and 819 to 825;
NER S3 Class, nos. 840 to 849, 906, 908 to 909, 911, 914 to 915, 920 to 937, 942 to 943 and 2363 to 2365; future BR 5MT no. 61410 to 61478;
NER W Class, nos. 686 to 695;

Great Western Railway:[]

GWR 36 Class, no. 36;
GWR 2602 Class, nos. 2601 to 2610;
GWR nos. 100;
GWR nos. 98;
GWR nos. 171;
GWR 2900 Class, nos. 2900 to 2955, 2971 to 2990 and 2998; with the ex-GWR n° 98, 100 and 171, being transformed; future BR 4P nos. between 2900 to 2955, 2971 to 2990 and 2998;
GWR 4000 “Star” Class, nos. 4000 to 4071; future BR 5P nos. between 4000 to 4071;
GWR 4073 “Castle” Class, nos. 4073 to 5099 and 7001 to 7037; future BR 7P nos. 4073 to 5099 and 7001 to 7037;
GWR 6000 “King” Class, nos. 6000 to 6029; future BR 8P nos. 6000 to 6006 and 6008 to 6029;
GWR 4900 “Hall” Class, nos. 4901 to 4999, 5901 to 5999 and 6900 and 6959; future BR 5MT nos. 4901 to 4910, 4912 to 4999, 5901 to 5999 and 6900 and 6959;
GWR 6800 “Grange” Class, nos. 6800 to 6879 + n° 6880; future BR nos. 5MT no. 6800 to 6879 + n° 6880;
GWR 7800 “Manor” Class, nos. 7800 to 7829; future BR 5MT nos. 7800 to 7829;
GWR 6100 “County” Class, nos. 1000 to 1029, then 6000 to 6029; future BR 6MT nos. 6000 to 6029;

London Midland & Scottish Railway:[]

LMS 4P no. 14630 to 14649; extension of the ex-CR 60 Class; future BR nos. 54630 to 54649;
LMS 7P “Royal Scot” Class, no. 6100 to 6169; future BR 6P then 7P nos. 46100 to 46169;
LMS 6399 “Fury”;
LMS 6P “Patriot” Class, no. between 5901 and 6027, then no. 5500 to 5551 in 1934; future BR nos. 6P5F 45500 to 45551;
LMS 5XP “Jubilee” Class, no. 5552 to 5742; future BR 6P5F nos. 45552 to 45742;
LMS 5P5F “Black Five” Class, no. 4758 to 5499; future BR 5MT nos. 44758 to 45499;
LMS 6170 “British Legion”, ex-LMS 6399 “Fury”; future BR 6P then 7P nos. 46170;

London & North Eastern Railway:[]

LNER B17 Class; no. 2800 to 2872 + 2873; future BR 4MT and 5P4F nos. 61600 to 61673;
LNER B12 Class, no. 8571 to 8580; extension of the ex-GER S69 Class; future BR 4P3F nos. 68571 to 68580;
LNER Thompson B1 Class, no. 1000 to 1409; future BR 5MT nos. 61000 to 61409;

Southern Railway:[]

SR H15 Class, n° 473 to 478, 482 to 492, and 521 to 524; extensions of the ex-LB&SCR H15 Class; future BR 4MT then 4P5F nos. 30473 to 30478, 30482 to 30492, and 30521 to 30524;
SR N15 “King Arthur” Class, no. 753 to 755 and 763 to 806; extension of the ex-LB&SCR H15 Class; future BR 5P nos. 30753 to 30755 and 3063 to 30806;
SR “Lord Nelson” Class, no. 850 to 865; future BR 7P nos. 30850 to 30865;
SR S15 Class, no. 823 to 847; extension of the ex-LB&SCR S15 Class; future BR nos. 6F 30823 to 30847;
SR N15X Class, no. 2327 to 2333; ex-LB&SCR L Class tank engine; future BR 4P nos. 32327 to 32333;

British Railways:[]

BR Standard 4 Class 4-6-0, nos. 75000 to 75079;
BR Standard 5 Class, nos. 73000 to 73171;